小学英语语法大全-时态
一、一般现在时
1、定义：表示经常发生或习惯性的动作、状态。句中通常有usually，often，every
day，sometimes，always，at
weekends，on
Sundays等表示经常性时间的短语。
2、构成：
1）当谓语是be动词时，一般现在时的构成：主语＋be动词＋其他
如：I
am
a
student.He
is
Jim’s
father.They
are
from
Japan.2）当谓语是行为动词时，一般现在时的构成：
①主语（非第三人称单数）＋动词原形＋其他
如：I
often
watch
TV
at
the
weekends.Mr
Green
and
Mrs
Green
like
collecting
stamps.②主语（第三人称单数）＋动词的第三人称单数形式＋其他
如：Jim
usually
visits
his
grandparents
on
Sundays.She
sometimes
goes
to
the
park
with
her
mother.3、动词三单形式的变化规则：
①
一般情况下，直接加s
如：read-reads，swim-swims
②
以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾，加es
如：wash-washes，watch-watches，do-does
③
以辅音字母＋y结尾，变y为i，再加es
如：study-studies，fly-flies
④
不规则变化
如：have-has
4、一般现在时的句型转换：
肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句及回答
They
watch
TV
every
day.They
don’t
watch
TV
every
day.—Do
they
watch
TV
every
day?
—Yes,they
do./
No,they
don’t.She
watches
TV
every
day.She
doesn’t
watch
TV
every
day.—
Does
she
watch
TV
every
day?
—Yes,she
does./
No,she
doesn’t.二、现在进行时
1、定义：表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。句中常有now，look，listen等词。
如：I
am
washing
clothes
now.Look!
Liu
Tao
is
climbing
the
tree.Listen!
Jane
is
singing
in
the
music
room.2、构成：be动词（am/is/are）+
动词现在分词（V-ing）3、动词现在分词构成：
①
一般是在动词原形后加ing
如：read-reading，drink-drinking，eat-eating，look-looking
②
以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e，再加ing
如：write-writing，make-making，ride-riding，take-taking
③
以重读闭音节结尾，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写这个字母，再加ing
如：sit-sitting，swim-swimming，put-putting，run-running，stop-stopping，get-getting，begin-beginning，jog-jogging，forget-forgetting
4、动名词其实就是动词的现在分词，它既有名词性质（可作主语），又有动词性质（可带宾语）。
如：Asking
the
way
My
hobby
is
collecting
stamps.He
is
good
at
skating.5、现在进行时的句型转换：
肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句及回答
He
is
running
now.He
isn’t
running
now.—Is
he
running
now?
—Yes,he
is./
No,he
isn’t.They
are
making
a
puppet.They
aren’t
making
a
puppet.—
Are
they
making
a
puppet?
—Yes,they
are./
No,they
aren’t.三、一般过去时
1、定义：表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：a
moment
ago，just
now，yesterday，last
week，this
morning等。
如：My
brother
often
went
to
school
by
bike
last
term.The
watch
was
beside
the
diary
a
moment
ago.I
watched
the
moon
and
ate
the
moon
cakes
last
Mid-Autumn
Festival.Jim
went
to
the
supermarket
yesterday.2、构成：主语＋动词的过去式＋其他
3、动词过去式的变化规则：
①
一般在动词原形末尾加ed
如：play-played，listen-listened，look-looked
②
结尾是e的动词，加d
如：live-lived，like-liked，taste-tasted
③
辅音字母＋y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加ed
如：study-studied，carry-carried，cry-cried
④
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写这个辅音字母，再加ed
如：stop-stopped，plan-planned
⑤
不规则变化
如：
am/is-was
are-were
have/has-had
do-did
go-went
sit-sat
tell-told
see-saw
get-got
make-made
give-gave
read-read
buy-bought
come-came
draw-drew
eat-ate
fly-flew
meet-met
put-put
run-ran
say-said
sing-sang
swim-swam
take-took
4、一般过去时的句型转换
肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句及回答
He
watched
TV
yesterday.He
didn’t
watch
TV
yesterday.—Did
he
watch
TV
yesterday?
—Yes,he
did./
No,he
didn’t.They
played
games
just
now.They
didn’t
play
games
just
now.—
Did
they
play
games
just
now?
—Yes,they
did./
No,they
didn’t.第15讲
一般将来时
1、定义：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，以及打算、计划或准备某事。句中一般含有表示将来的时间状语，如：tomorrow
morning，next
week，this
afternoon等表示将来的时间状语。
2、构成：
①
be
gong
to
+动词原形
如：I
am
going
to
see
a
Beijing
opera
tomorrow.We
are
going
to
meet
at
bus
stop
at
half
past
ten.Dad
and
I
are
going
to
see
a
Beijing
opera
this
afternoon.②
will
+动词原形
如：They
will
go
swimming
this
afternoon.3、be
going
to
和will
区别：
①
be
going
to表示经过事先安排、打算或决定要做的事情，基本上一定会发生；will则表示有可能去做，但不一定发生，也常表示说话人的临时决定。
如：I
am
going
to
take
part
in
a
party
this
evening.They
are
cleaning
the
library
now.I’ll
go
and
join
them.②be
going
to表示近期或眼下就要发生的事情；will表示的将来时间则较远一些。如：He
is
going
to
write
a
letter
tomorrow.I
will
meet
her
one
day.③
be
going
to还可以用来表示有迹象表明某件事将要发生，常用于天气等自然现象。如：Look!
It’s
going
to
rain.4、一般将来时句型转换：
肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句及回答
She
is
going
to
have
a
picnic
tomorrow.She
isn’t
going
to
have
a
picnic
tomorrow.—Is
she
going
to
have
a
picnic
tomorrow?
—Yes,she
is./
No,she
isn’t.They
will
go
swimming
this
afternoon.They
will
not(won’t)
go
swimming
this
afternoon.—Will
they
go
swimming
this
afternoon?
—Yes,they
will./
No,they
won’t.